ICD-10 is based on a classification logic that utilizes seven alphanumeric characters with the mathematical potential to generate a significantly higher number of codes than its previous version, ICD-9. ICD-10 was mandated by the United States in 2015. It was first used by member countries in 1994. The previous edition, ICD-10, was developed in 1983 and was endorsed by the WHO’s World Health Assembly (WHA) in 1990. However, as knowledge of diseases and treatments advances, so must the ICD system. Over the years, along with the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code set, ICD has become the most widely used statistical classification system in the world, making up the payment infrastructure of the US health system. The classification and the later Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death were the precursors to today’s ICD standard, which continues to be published by the WHO. In 1898, the Bertillon Classification of Causes of Death was the first attempt at an international registration of vital statistics, which was later adopted by the American Public Health Association and the Conference of State and Provincial Boards of Health of North America. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system was created to track morbidity and diseases within the population.
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